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The catalytic effect of calcium on the steam gasification of Shengli chars was studied in this work. The calcium-added chars were prepared by pyrolysis under argon atmosphere from calcium oxide added demineralized Shengli lignite. The chars were characterized in detail by SEM-EDX, XRD, Raman, FTIR and XPS and were tested on a fixed-bed reactor to evaluate its performances steam gasification. Calcium...
In this study the characteristics of Turkish lignite for underground coal gasification process was experimentally investigated in a laboratory scale ex situ reactor. A rectangular prism shaped ex-situ reactor having 0.65×1.01×2.07m external dimensions was built and used in the experiments, placing lignite blocks and their surrounding strata in it. Coal gasification tests were performed for the Malkara...
Oxy fuel IGCC is one of the promising option for reconciling environment and efficiency in power generation from coal that is expected to achieve thermal efficiency of 44% LHV and 99% of CO2 capturing ratio. Dry syngas cleaning technologies for halide and sulfur are essential for realizing the power plant. The dry desulfurization process will use honeycomb shaped sorbent in fixed bed reactors in actual...
Turbulent flames in the moderate or intense low oxygen dilution (MILD) combustion regime have previously exhibited less susceptibility to lift-off than conventional autoignitive flames in a jet-in-hot-coflow (JHC) burner. This has been demonstrated through laser-based diagnostics and examination of CH* chemiluminescence. New experimental observations are presented of turbulent flames of natural gas,...
Coal mine methane (CMM) is one of the major safety hazards in China’s gassy coal mines. To prevent the gas related mining hazards, effective gas drainage is a pivot technology to reduce the gas content in coal seams. For low permeability coal seams, permeability enhancement is one of the top challenges for enhancing gas drainage efficiency. In the study, a novel methane drainage technology for coal...
Six coals that with different rank and sulfur contents were chosen for the isothermal combustion experiments at 900°C and 1300°C. By changing the residence time, the volatilization ratio and rate of arsenic with time were obtained. Effects of residence time, temperature, coal type and sulfur content on arsenic volatilization characteristics were discussed. The emission concentration of SO2 was also...
The composition of biodiesel is significantly influenced by the feedstock sources. This variation in biodiesel composition may cause changes in fuel physiochemical properties and further affect the engine operation processes such as the fuel injection and spray processes. In this study, the macroscopic and microscopic spray parameters of diesel fuel and three biodiesel components (methyl laurate,...
This study pursues the development and characterization of a fountain enhanced spouting regime. This novel gas solid-contact method combines the advantages of fountain confined conical spouted beds with those of draft tube conical spouted beds. The aim of confining the fountain, and therefore attaining a clearly differentiated regime, is to progress towards a highly efficient conical spouted bed reactor...
Coal and gas outburst is a dynamic phenomenon with violent eruptions of coal and gas from the working coal seam, resulting in economic loss and casualties. It has been proved that rapid desorption within a short period is necessary for occurrence of an outburst. Due to limitation of the present test condition, gas desorption characterization for the first several seconds (0–10s) hasn’t been researched...
Chemical looping combustion (CLC) is an energy efficient technology to separate CO2 from the flue gases. It has been accepted globally as one of the promising methods to control the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere and there by helps to provide a sustainable solution to the environmental crisis. CLC basically consists of two reactors – fuel and air reactors. Fuel reactor of the CLC process is...
The C(N)-NO reactions with isolated and contiguous active sites leading to the release of N2 are determined by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Possible transition states and intermediates involved in these reactions are characterized because these influence the directed conversion of C(N) to N2. The thermodynamic results encompassing these processes are obtained, and they are used as...
A single-point time, frequency experimental analyses have been carried out to scrutinize the engine-block vibration of a LPG-diesel, dual-fuel engine. A liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) has been used as the main fuel in a diesel engine where diesel fuel has been used as a pilot fuel to ignite the gaseous fuel. The results of the dual-fuel engine vibrations are compared to the vibrations of base diesel...
Iso-butanol is a naturally occurring 4-carbon alcohol that can be obtained by processing organic crops like corn and sugarcane. An experimental and statistical investigation is carried out to analyze the effects of injection-pressure, timing and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on performance and emissions of a DI diesel engine fuelled with 40% by vol. of iso-butanol/diesel blend. Response surface...
Gamma-valerolactone (GVL) has been identified as a sustainable high-value platform molecular for the production of fuels and carbon-based chemicals. In this work, a series of activated carbon supported low-cost bimetallic Ni-Fe catalysts (Ni-Fe/AC) with different molar content of Fe species were prepared by using co-precipitation method for the liquid phase hydrogenation of ethyl levulinate (EL) to...
In order to reduce ash related operational problem and particle emissions during pyrolysis oil combustion it is important to produce pyrolysis oil with very low concentration of inorganics. In this paper, the distribution of all major inorganic elements (S, Si, Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Ti and Zn) in the pyrolysis products (solid residue and two fractions of pyrolysis oil) was investigated during...
An intercomparison exercise of the world-harmonized light-duty vehicle test procedure (WLTP) aiming at measuring ethanol, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde emissions from a flex-fuel light-duty vehicle using E85 was conducted in the Vehicle Emission Laboratory (VELA) at the European Commission Joint Research Centre (EC-JRC), Ispra, Italy. The instruments used during the intercomparison allowed online...
This study assesses and compares the gasification performance of a Victorian brown coal (Loy Yang) and Pine bark in the temperature range of 1000–1400°C with CO2 (10–40% in N2) as the gasifying agent in a bench-scale atmospheric entrained flow reactor. The effect of temperature and CO2 concentration in the feed gas on the carbon conversion, syngas composition, and emission of polluting species such...
We assess the impacts of effective stress and CO2 sorption on the bedding-parallel matrix permeability of the Utica shale through pressure pulse-decay experiments. We first measure permeability using argon at relatively high (14.6MPa) and low (2.8MPa) effective stresses to assess both pressure dependence and recoverability. We subsequently measure permeability using supercritical CO2 and again using...
Ethanol is a biofuel that can be used as an alternative fuel or as a blending component for combustion engines. This requires more information and systematic investigation of the explosion parameters of ethanol in air under various conditions. The most frequently used pressure-related parameters for risk assessment – the maximum explosion pressures, the maximum rates of pressure rise, the severity...
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